Wadanne wasan kwaikwayo na maganadisu aka haɗa a cikin kayan dindindin?
Babban wasan kwaikwayo na maganadisu sun haɗa da remanence (Br), Magnetic induction coercivity (bHc), coercivity intronsic(jHc), da matsakaicin samfurin makamashi (BH) Max.Ban da waɗannan, akwai wasu wasan kwaikwayo da yawa: Curie Temperature(Tc), Yanayin Aiki (Tw), ƙimar zafin jiki na remanence (α), ƙimar zafin jiki na coercivity na ciki (β), dawo da haɓakar rec (μrec) da demagnetization curve rectangularity (Hk/jHc).
Menene ƙarfin filin maganadisu?
A cikin shekara ta 1820, masanin kimiyya HCOersted a Denmark ya gano cewa allura kusa da wayar da ke tare da karkatar da yanzu, wanda ke bayyana ainihin alaƙar da ke tsakanin wutar lantarki da magnetism, sa'an nan, an haifi Electromagnetics.Aiki yana nuna cewa ƙarfin filin maganadisu da na yanzu tare da na yanzu waya mara iyaka da aka samar a kusa da ita tana daidai da girmanta, kuma tana da bambanci da nisa daga wayar.A cikin tsarin naúrar SI, ma'anar ɗaukar 1 amperes na waya mara iyaka na yanzu a nisa na 1 / waya (2 pi) ƙarfin filin magnetic nisan nisa shine 1A / m (an / M);don tunawa da gudummawar Oersted zuwa electromagnetism, a cikin naúrar tsarin CGS, ma'anar ɗaukar 1 amperes na mai gudanarwa mara iyaka na yanzu a cikin ƙarfin filin magnetic na nisan waya 0.2 nisa shine 1Oe cm (Oster), 1/ (1Oe = 4 PI) * 103A/m, kuma ƙarfin filin maganadisu yawanci ana bayyana shi a cikin H.
Menene magnetic polarization (J), menene ƙarfin maganadisu (M), menene bambanci tsakanin su biyun?
Nazarin maganadisu na zamani ya nuna cewa duk abubuwan da suka faru na maganadisu sun samo asali ne daga halin yanzu, wanda ake kira magnetic dipole.Matsakaicin juzu'i na filin maganadisu a cikin vacuum shine magnetic dipole moment Pm per unit external magnetic field, da magnetic dipole moment per unit volume of kayan shine J, kuma sashin SI shine T (Tesla).Matsakaicin lokacin maganadisu na kowane juzu'in naúrar abu shine M, kuma lokacin maganadisu shine Pm/ μ0 , kuma sashin SI shine A/m (M / m).Saboda haka, dangantakar da ke tsakanin M da J: J = μ0M, μ0 shine don rashin daidaituwa, a cikin SI unit, μ0 = 4π * 10-7H / m (H / m).
Menene ƙarfin shigar da maganadisu (B), menene ma'aunin ƙarfin maganadisu (B), menene alaƙar B da H, J, M?
Lokacin da aka yi amfani da filin maganadisu zuwa kowane matsakaici H, ƙarfin filin maganadisu a cikin matsakaici bai kai daidai da H ba, amma ƙarfin maganadisu na H tare da maɗaukakiyar maganadisu J. Domin ƙarfin filin maganadisu yana nunawa ta hanyar maganadisu. filin H ta hanyar matsakaicin ƙaddamarwa.Don bambanta da H, muna kiransa matsakaicin shigar da maganadisu, wanda aka nuna shi azaman B: B= μ0H+J (Si Unit) B=H+4πM (CGS raka'a)
Naúrar ƙarfin shigar da maganadisu B shine T, kuma naúrar CGS shine Gs (1T=10Gs).Za a iya wakilta al'amarin Magnetic a fili ta hanyar layukan filin maganadisu, kuma ana iya bayyana shigar da maganadisu B a matsayin yawan juzu'in maganadisu.Magnetic induction B da Magnetic flux density B za a iya amfani da su a ko'ina cikin ra'ayi.
Abin da ake kira remanence (Br), abin da ake kira Magnetic coercive Force (bHc), menene karfin tilastawa na ciki (jHc)?
Magnet Magnet Magnet magnetization magnetization zuwa jikewa bayan janyewar filin maganadisu na waje a cikin rufaffiyar jihar, da Magnet Magnetic polarization J da na ciki Magnetic induction B kuma ba zai bace ba saboda bacewar H da filin maganadisu na waje, kuma zai kula da takamaiman girman ƙimar.Ana kiran wannan ƙimar ragowar maganadisu induction maganadisu, ana magana da ita azaman remanence Br, rukunin SI shine T, naúrar CGS shine Gs (1T=10⁴Gs).Matsakaicin tsinkewar maganadisu na dindindin, lokacin da jujjuyawar filin maganadisu H ya karu zuwa ƙimar bHc, ƙarfin shigar da maganadisu na B magnet ya kasance 0, wanda ake kira ƙimar H na jujjuyawar maganadisu magnetic coercivity na bHc;a cikin juzu'i na Magnetic filin H = bHc, baya nuna ikon na waje maganadisu juyi, da coercivity na bHc halayyar Magnetic abu na dindindin tsayayya waje juyi filin maganadisu ko wasu demagnetization sakamako.Coercivity bHc yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman sigogi na ƙirar da'ira na maganadisu.Lokacin jujjuya filin maganadisu H = bHc, ko da yake maganadisu baya nuna motsin maganadisu, amma ƙarfin maganadisu na maganadisu J ya kasance babban ƙima a cikin jagorar asali.Saboda haka, abubuwan da ke cikin magnetic na bHc ba su isa ba don siffanta maganadisu.Lokacin da jujjuya filin maganadisu H ya karu zuwa jHc, vector micro magnetic dipole magnet na ciki shine 0. Juya darajar filin maganadisu ana kiransa tilastawa na ciki na jHc.Ƙaddamarwa jHc wani muhimmin ma'auni ne na zahiri na kayan maganadisu na dindindin, kuma shine halayyar kayan maganadisu na dindindin don tsayayya da filin maganadisu na baya ko wasu tasirin lalata, don kiyaye mahimman ƙididdiga na ainihin ƙarfin maganadisu.
Menene matsakaicin samfurin makamashi (BH) m?
A cikin madaidaicin BH na lalata kayan maganadisu na dindindin (a kan quadrant na biyu), ma'auni daban-daban masu dacewa suna cikin yanayin aiki daban-daban.Ƙimar lalatawar BH na wani wuri akan Bm da Hm (daidaitawar daidaitawa da ta tsaye) tana wakiltar girman maganadisu da ƙarfin shigar da maganadisu da filin maganadisu na jihar.Ikon BM da HM na cikakkiyar ƙimar samfurin Bm*Hm shine a madadin yanayin aikin magnet na waje, wanda yayi daidai da ƙarfin maganadisu da aka adana a cikin maganadisu, wanda ake kira BHmax.Maganar maganadisu a cikin madaidaicin ƙima (BmHm) yana wakiltar ƙarfin aiki na waje na maganadisu, wanda ake kira matsakaicin samfurin makamashi na maganadisu, ko samfurin makamashi, wanda ake nunawa a matsayin (BH)m.Naúrar BHmax a cikin tsarin SI shine J/m3 (joules / m3), da tsarin CGS don MGOe, 1MGOe = 10²/4π kJ/m3.
Menene zafin jiki na Curie (Tc), menene zafin aiki na maganadisu (Tw), dangantakar dake tsakanin su?
Zazzabi na Curie shine zafin jiki wanda magnetization na kayan maganadisu ya ragu zuwa sifili, kuma shine mahimmin batu don juyar da kayan ferromagnetic ko ferrimagnetic zuwa kayan para-magnetic.Yanayin zafin jiki na Curie Tc yana da alaƙa kawai da abun da ke cikin kayan kuma ba shi da alaƙa da ƙananan tsarin kayan.A wani takamaiman zafin jiki, ana iya rage kaddarorin maganadisu na kayan maganadisu na dindindin ta hanyar kewayon kewayon idan aka kwatanta da waccan a zafin daki.Ana kiran zafin jiki da zafin aiki na magnet Tw.Girman raguwar makamashin maganadisu ya dogara da aikace-aikacen maganadisu, ƙimar da ba a tantance ba, maganadisu na dindindin a aikace-aikace daban-daban suna da yanayin zafin aiki daban-daban Tw.Zazzabi na Curie na kayan maganadisu Tc yana wakiltar ka'idar iyakar zafin aiki na kayan.Yana da kyau a lura cewa Tw mai aiki na kowane maganadisu na dindindin ba kawai yana da alaƙa da Tc ba, har ma yana da alaƙa da abubuwan haɓakar maganadisu, kamar jHc, da yanayin aiki na maganadisu a cikin da'ira.
Menene ƙarfin maganadisu na maganadisu na dindindin (μrec), menene J demagnetization curve squareness (Hk / jHc), suna nufin?
Ma'anar demagnetization curve na BH maganadisu wurin aiki D maimaituwa canji layin layi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, gangaren layin don dawowar μrec.Babu shakka, μrec na dawowa yana nuna kwanciyar hankali na maganadisu a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki mai ƙarfi.Yana da murabba'in ma'aunin maganadisu na dindindin BH demagnetization curve, kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan maganadisu na maganadisu na dindindin.Don sintered Nd-Fe-B maganadiso, μrec = 1.02-1.10, ƙarami μrec shine mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali na maganadisu a ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki mai ƙarfi.
Menene da'irar maganadisu, menene buɗaɗɗen da'irar maganadisu, yanayin rufewa?
Ana magana da da'irar maganadisu zuwa wani takamaiman filin a cikin tazarar iska, wanda aka haɗa shi da ɗaya ko nau'in maɗaukaki na dindindin, waya mai ɗaukar nauyi, ƙarfe bisa ga wani nau'i da girma.Iron na iya zama ƙarfe mai tsabta, ƙananan ƙarfe na carbon, Ni-Fe, Ni-Co gami da kayan haɓaka mai ƙarfi.Ƙarfe mai laushi, wanda kuma aka sani da karkiya, yana kunna kwararar sarrafawa, yana ƙara ƙarfin shigar da maganadisu na gida, hana ko rage ɗigon maganadisu, kuma yana ƙara ƙarfin injin abubuwan abubuwan rawar a cikin da'irar maganadisu.Yanayin maganadisu na maganadisu ɗaya yawanci ana kiransa da buɗaɗɗen yanayi lokacin da taushin ƙarfe ba ya nan;lokacin da maganadisu ke cikin da'irar juyi da aka yi da ƙarfe mai laushi, ana cewa magnet ɗin yana cikin yanayin da'irar da ke rufe.
Menene kaddarorin inji na sintered Nd-Fe-B maganadiso?
Abubuwan injiniya na sintered Nd-Fe-B maganadiso:
| Ƙarfin Lankwasa /MPa | Ƙarfin Matsi /MPa | Hardness / Hv | Yong Modulus /kN/mm2 | Tsawaita /% |
| 250-450 | 1000-1200 | 600-620 | 150-160 | 0 |
Ana iya ganin cewa sintered Nd-Fe-B maganadisu wani abu ne mai gatsewa.A lokacin aikin injina, haɗawa da yin amfani da maganadisu, wajibi ne a mai da hankali don hana magnet ɗin yin tasiri mai tsanani, karo, da damuwa mai yawa, don guje wa fashewa ko rushewar magnet.Abin lura ne cewa ƙarfin maganadisu na sintered Nd-Fe-B maganadiso yana da ƙarfi sosai a cikin yanayin magnetized, yakamata mutane su kula da amincin su yayin aiki, don hana hawan yatsu ta ƙarfin tsotsa mai ƙarfi.
Menene abubuwan da suka shafi madaidaicin magnetic Nd-Fe-B?
Abubuwan da suka shafi madaidaicin sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet shine ya sarrafa kayan aiki, kayan aiki da fasahar sarrafawa, da kuma matakin fasaha na mai aiki, da dai sauransu. Bugu da ƙari, ƙananan tsarin kayan aiki yana da tasiri mai yawa akan machining madaidaicin maganadisu.Alal misali, maganadisu tare da babban lokaci m hatsi, surface yiwuwa ga samun pitting a machining jihar;Magnet abnormal hatsi girma, surface machining jihar ne yiwuwa ga samun tururuwa rami;da yawa, abun da ke ciki da kuma fuskantarwa ne m, da chamfer size zai zama m;maganadisu tare da mafi girman abun ciki na iskar oxygen yana da karye, kuma yana da saurin yanke kusurwa yayin aikin injin;da maganadisu babban lokaci na m hatsi da Nd arziki lokaci rarraba ba uniform, uniform plating manne tare da substrate, da shafi kauri uniformity, da kuma lalata juriya na shafi zai zama fiye da babban lokaci na lafiya hatsi da uniform rarraba Nd. arziki lokaci bambanci Magnetic jiki.Domin samun ingantattun samfuran maganadisu na Nd-Fe-B, injiniyan kera kayan, injiniyan injuna da mai amfani yakamata su yi cikakken sadarwa da haɗin gwiwa tare da juna.